Alpha hydroxy acids (AHAs) are water-soluble carboxylic acids widely utilized in in-office dermatological peeling and at-home resurfacing regimens. By cleaving calcium ion bonds in corneodesmosomes, AHAs accelerate epidermal cell turnover and smooth textured skin.
Comparing the Three Essential AHAs
| AHA | Molecular Weight | Penetration Speed | Key Benefit |
|---|---|---|---|
| Glycolic Acid | 76.05 g/mol (Smallest) | Rapid & deep | Collagen synthesis & rapid resurfacing |
| Lactic Acid | 90.08 g/mol | Moderate | Hydration via Natural Moisturizing Factor (NMF) |
| Mandelic Acid | 152.15 g/mol (Largest) | Slow & uniform | Gentlest on sensitive skin & darker Fitzpatrick types |